Managing Asthma or COPD During Periods of Wildfire Smoke

It’s important for folks with asthma or COPD to be aware of how to handle exposure to wildfire smoke. The smoke produced during wildfires contains harmful pollutants and irritants that can exacerbate asthma symptoms and respiratory issues. Here are some tips for managing asthma during periods of wildfire smoke:

1. Stay Informed: Monitor local air quality reports and wildfire updates to stay informed about the smoke levels in your area. Pay attention to any health advisories or recommendations from local authorities.
2. Limit Outdoor Exposure: Whenever possible, minimize outdoor activities, especially during times when the smoke is heavy. Stay indoors and create a safe and smoke-free environment.
3. Close Windows and Doors: Keep windows and doors closed to prevent smoke from entering your home. Use weatherstripping or seal any gaps to ensure a tight seal.
4. Use Air Purifiers: We recommend this model. Consider using high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filters or air purifiers to help remove smoke particles from the indoor air. Place them in frequently used areas, such as bedrooms or living rooms.
5. Create a Clean Indoor Environment: Keep indoor air as clean as possible by avoiding the use of products that can release pollutants, such as tobacco, candles, or certain cleaning agents.
6. Maintain Proper Ventilation: If your home has a ventilation system, make sure it is well-maintained and properly sealed to prevent smoke from infiltrating the indoor spaces.
7. Follow Your Asthma Action Plan: Be diligent in following your prescribed asthma management plan. Take your medications as directed and have a rescue inhaler readily available.
8. Seek Medical Advice: If you experience worsening asthma symptoms or have difficulty breathing despite taking necessary precautions, seek medical advice promptly.

How is Asthma Exacerbated by Smoke?

Smoke, particularly the fine particulate matter present in wildfire smoke, can trigger and worsen asthma symptoms. Here’s how smoke exacerbates asthma:

1. Irritant Effect: The small particles in smoke irritate the airways and lungs, causing inflammation and constriction of the bronchial tubes. This can lead to wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, and chest tightness.
2. Airway Inflammation: Smoke contains numerous harmful pollutants and toxic chemicals. When inhaled, these substances can trigger an inflammatory response in the airways, making them more sensitive and reactive.
3. Reduced Lung Function: The irritants in smoke can cause a decrease in lung function, making it more challenging to breathe. This can be particularly problematic for individuals with pre-existing respiratory conditions like asthma.
4. Increased Asthma Attacks: Exposure to smoke can increase the frequency and severity of asthma attacks. The pollutants in smoke act as triggers, leading to the onset of symptoms or worsening existing symptoms.

How Can I Reduce Indoor Smokiness?

While it’s not always possible to completely eliminate smoke from indoor spaces during wildfires, there are steps you can take to reduce smokiness indoors:

1. Close Off Unused Rooms: Seal off unused rooms by keeping the doors closed. This helps prevent smoke from spreading throughout the entire house.
2. Use Air Filters: Consider using portable air purifiers or HVAC filters with HEPA technology. These devices can help capture smoke particles and improve indoor air quality.
3. Seal Windows and Doors: Ensure that windows and doors are properly sealed to minimize the entry of outdoor smoke. Use weatherstripping or caulk to seal any gaps or cracks.
4. Use Fans with Caution: Avoid using fans that draw in outdoor air, as they can bring smoke particles indoors. If necessary, use fans that are equipped with HEPA filters.
5. Create a Clean Zone: Designate a specific room in your home as a “clean zone” where you can retreat to when air quality is poor. Keep this room well-sealed and use air purifiers to maintain better air quality.
6. Minimize Indoor Activities: During periods of heavy smoke, limit activities that may generate additional indoor pollutants, such as cooking on stovetops or burning candles.
7. Follow Local Guidance: Follow any instructions or recommendations provided by local authorities regarding indoor air quality and safety measures during wildfires.